Here are for obtaining a patent under U.S. law.
Requirements for Obtaining a Patent
1. To obtain a patent in the U.S., you must demonstrate that the idea is:
-Eligible for patent protection
-Novel and does not infringe on the patents of another
-Non-obvious
-Useful
2. Once you have determined that your patent meets the above through development of your idea and a thorough patent search, you would then prepare and file your patent application along with the requisite filing fee.
Is It Necessary to Have a Prototype or Are the Designs Enough? and How Specific Do the Designs Need to Be?
While a prototype can be helpful in supporting your patent application, a working prototype is not required to apply for patent protection. However, you are required to describe your invention with a level of detail such that a skilled individual could recreate your invention from the specifications. Essentially, you will need to provide as much detail as possible.
Is It Possible to Get a Patent for Free?
You will need to pay the filing fees to the USPTO associated with your patent application. You can find a schedule of the USPTO fees here. Additionally, given the complexities of the patent process, you may also want to retain a patent attorney to assist you to improve the likelihood that your application will be approved.
Source: Quora
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